Neonatal outcomes in infants born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a hospital-based longitudinal case-control study.

Ranvijay Kumar; Ilika Bharti; Omkar Kumar

doi:10.51168/esmgnq15

Autori

Ranvijay Kumar Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India.
Ilika Bharti SMO, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, CHC Fatehpur Gaya, Bihar, India.
Omkar Kumar MBBS, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/esmgnq15

Cuvinte cheie:

Polycystic ovary syndrome, neonatal outcomes, preterm birth, low birth weight, neonatal hypoglycaemia

Rezumat

Background:

One of the most common endocrine-metabolic conditions affecting women of reproductive age worldwide, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), has been shown to have negative effects on maternal health. However, the specific effects of this maternal illness on the newborn are still not well understood, especially in hospital settings in low-to-middle-income countries.

Methods:

A six-month longitudinal study was carried out in a hospital. Age- and parity-matched controls without PCOS (n = 85) and consecutive pregnant women with confirmed PCOS (n = 85) were included. At delivery and 24, 48, and 72 hours after delivery, neonatal parameters were noted. SPSS v26.0 was used for the statistical analysis; p < 0.05 was deemed significant.

Results:

Neonates of PCOS mothers demonstrated significantly higher rates of preterm birth (28.2% vs. 11.8%; p = 0.012), low birth weight (23.5% vs. 9.4%; p = 0.018), NICU admissions (21.2% vs. 8.2%; p = 0.024), neonatal hypoglycaemia (17.6% vs. 5.9%; p = 0.021), and lower mean APGAR scores at 1 minute (6.8 ± 1.2 vs. 7.6 ± 0.9; p = 0.003). Large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants were also more frequent in the PCOS group (16.5% vs. 7.1%; p = 0.049).

Conclusion:

Maternal PCOS is independently associated with adverse neonatal outcomes encompassing both growth restriction and macrosomia, respiratory distress, and metabolic complications. Early antenatal identification and structured surveillance protocols for pregnancies complicated by PCOS are warranted to mitigate neonatal risk.

Recommendation:

Pregnancies complicated by PCOS should receive closer antenatal surveillance and neonatal monitoring to facilitate early identification and management of adverse neonatal outcomes.

Biografii autori

Ranvijay Kumar, Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India.

is a Senior Resident in the Department of Paediatrics at Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College, Hazaribagh, India. His research interests include neonatology, perinatal medicine, and neonatal outcomes associated with high-risk pregnancies.
Ilika Bharti, SMO, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, CHC Fatehpur Gaya, Bihar, India.

is a Senior Medical Officer in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at CHC Fatehpur Gaya, Bihar, India. Her research interests include maternal-fetal medicine and high-risk obstetrics.
Omkar Kumar, MBBS, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

is an MBBS graduate from Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India. His research interests include paediatrics, clinical epidemiology, and maternal and child health.

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