Association of Body Mass Index with Gallstone Disease Among Patients Undergoing Cholecystectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dr. Balakrishna G; P Koushik; Madhukar Sirasu

doi:10.51168/ff03y238

Autori

Dr. Balakrishna G Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.
P Koushik Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.
Madhukar Sirasu Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/ff03y238

Cuvinte cheie:

Body mass index, Cholecystectomy, Cholelithiasis, Gallstone disease, Obesity, Overweight

Rezumat

Background:

Gallstone disease is a common biliary disorder requiring cholecystectomy when symptomatic. Increased body mass index has been linked with gallstone formation, but hospital-based data on its association with gallstone burden remain clinically useful.

Objectives:

To assess the association of body mass index with gallstone disease characteristics among patients undergoing cholecystectomy.

Methods:

This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallstone disease at Government Medical College, Nizamabad, Telangana, India, from January to December 2025. The single-proportion formula yielded a minimum sample of 96, which was rounded to 100. Consecutive eligible adults were enrolled and followed through discharge and the first postoperative review. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, ultrasonographic, operative, and histopathological data were recorded. Associations were examined using the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Results:

All 100 potentially eligible patients were examined, confirmed eligible, enrolled, followed, and included in the final analysis; there was no non-participation or loss to follow-up. The mean age was 44.8 ± 12.6 years, and females constituted 64.0% of the study population. The mean body mass index was 27.1 ± 4.2 kg/m²; 42.0% were overweight, and 28.0% were obese. Multiple gallstones were observed in 74.0% and were significantly more frequent in obese patients. Higher body mass index was also significantly associated with stone size greater than 10 mm. Body mass index ≥25 kg/m² showed higher odds of multiple gallstones and larger stones.

Conclusion:

Overweight and obesity were common among patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Higher body mass index was significantly associated with multiple gallstones and larger stone size.

Recommendations:

Weight assessment and lifestyle counselling should be integrated into gallstone disease evaluation and postoperative preventive care.

Biografii autori

Dr. Balakrishna G, Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.

is an Assistant Professor in the Department of General Surgery at Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India. His academic and clinical interests include gastrointestinal surgery, hepatobiliary disorders, laparoscopic surgery, and hospital-based clinical research. He has been involved in surgical teaching, patient care, and research activities related to common general surgical conditions.

ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4784-5695
P Koushik, Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.

is an Assistant Professor in the Department of General Surgery at Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India. His areas of interest include general surgical practice, minimally invasive surgery, emergency surgical care, and clinical research. He actively participates in undergraduate teaching, clinical services, and academic manuscript preparation.
Madhukar Sirasu, Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.

is an Associate Professor in the Department of General Surgery at Government Medical College/General Hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana, India. He has academic and clinical experience in general surgery, gastrointestinal surgery, and surgical education. His professional work includes clinical supervision, surgical training, patient care, and research guidance.

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