Maternal Infections During Pregnancy and Their Association with Neonatal Sepsis and Developmental Delay: A Longitudinal Observational Study.

Bharti Bharti; Ranvijay Kumar; Prakash Nimish; Kumar Omkar; Prakash Nishil

doi:10.51168/f965ek79

Autori

Bharti Bharti SMO, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CHC Fatehpur Gaya, Bihar, India.
Ranvijay Kumar Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Sheikh Bhikari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India.
Prakash Nimish Internship, JLNMC, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India.
Kumar Omkar MBBS, Rajendra Institute of Medical Science, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Prakash Nishil Internship, PMCH, Patna, Bihar, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/f965ek79

Cuvinte cheie:

maternal infection, pregnancy, neonatal sepsis, developmental delay, longitudinal study, neonatal outcome, antenatal infection.

Rezumat

Background:

Maternal infections during pregnancy may contribute to adverse neonatal outcomes, while neonatal sepsis may be associated with subsequent developmental impairment.

Objective:

To evaluate the association between maternal infections during pregnancy and neonatal sepsis and to assess the relationship between neonatal sepsis and developmental delay at 6 months.

Methods:

A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted at Community Health Centre, Fatehpur, Gaya, Bihar. A total of 150 mother–infant pairs were followed prospectively. Maternal infections diagnosed during pregnancy were documented based on clinical and laboratory findings. Neonatal sepsis was assessed using clinical and laboratory criteria, and infants were followed until 6 months of age for developmental assessment. Associations were evaluated using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, as appropriate.

Results:

Maternal infection was documented in 42 mothers (28.0%). Urinary tract infection was the most frequent infection (14.0%), followed by respiratory infection (6.7%), genital infection (4.7%), and suspected intra-amniotic infection/chorioamnionitis (2.7%). Neonatal sepsis occurred in 18 infants (12.0%). Sepsis occurred in 21.4% of infants born to mothers with documented infection compared with 8.3% of those without maternal infection (p = 0.026). Developmental delay at 6 months was identified in 15 infants (10.0%) and occurred in 27.8% of infants with neonatal sepsis compared with 7.6% without sepsis (p = 0.012).

Conclusion:

Maternal infection during pregnancy was associated with neonatal sepsis, while neonatal sepsis was associated with developmental delay at 6 months.

Recommendation:

Early recognition and management of maternal infection, neonatal surveillance, and developmental screening may help identify infants requiring closer follow-up. Larger longitudinal studies are warranted.

Biografii autori

Bharti Bharti, SMO, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CHC Fatehpur Gaya, Bihar, India.

is a Senior Medical Officer in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Community Health Centre, Fatehpur, Gaya, Bihar, India. Her research interests include obstetrics, gynaecology, maternal health, and pregnancy-related infections.
Ranvijay Kumar, Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Sheikh Bhikari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India.

is a Senior Resident in the Department of Paediatrics at Sheikh Bhikari Medical College, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India. His research interests include paediatrics, neonatal health, neonatal infections, and developmental outcomes.
Prakash Nimish, Internship, JLNMC, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India.

is an intern at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JLNMC), Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. His research interests include paediatrics, maternal and neonatal health, and clinical research.
Kumar Omkar, MBBS, Rajendra Institute of Medical Science, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

holds an MBBS degree and is affiliated with Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. His research interests include clinical medicine, maternal and neonatal health, and medical research.
Prakash Nishil, Internship, PMCH, Patna, Bihar, India.

is an intern at Patna Medical College and Hospital (PMCH), Patna, Bihar, India. His research interests include clinical medicine, paediatrics, neonatal health, and clinical research.

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